Ships End-2014 End-2015 End-July 2016
Ships Capacity Ships Capacity Ships Capacity Average Market share
vessel size (percentage)
Maersk 592 2 792 124 619 3 059 984 616 3 007 392 4 882 15.1
Mediterranean Shipping
Company 477 2 495 439 479 2 703 404 465 2 661 135 5 723 13.4
CMA CGM 454 1 691 290 459 1 873 439 435 1 829 951 4 207 9.2
China Ocean Shipping (Group)
Company 272 1 524 588 283 1 608 456 268 1 554 434 5 800 7.8
Hapag-Lloyd 186 974 430 182 978 663 174 956 194 5 495 4.8
Evergreen 199 947 159 194 949 492 189 937 957 4 963 4.7
Hamburg Süd 126 584 944 138 670 029 132 651 549 4 936 3.3
Hanjin Shipping 98 595 056 110 648 043 101 617 665 6 115 3.1
Orient Overseas
Container Line 103 527 827 109 571 429 111 589 476 5 311 3.0
Neptune Orient Lines –
American President
Lines 99 604 073 90 567 635 89 564 028 6 337 2.8
Mitsui Osaka Shosen
Kaisha Lines 106 560 678 98 542 909 93 531 376 5 714 2.7
Yang Ming Marine
Transport 85 389 614 100 542 127 97 520 580 5 367 2.6
United Arab
Shipping Company 53 338 532 51 452 510 54 510 296 9 450 2.6
Nippon Yusen
Kaisha 104 508 801 101 493 443 100 500 165 5 002 2.5
Hyundai Merchant
Marine 63 385 753 56 381 728 57 401 152 7 038 2.0
Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha
Limited – K Line 69 340 347 71 397 557 68 380 851 5 601 1.9
Zim Integrated
Shipping Services 83 350 255 85 368 884 79 343 598 4 349 1.7
Pacific International
Lines 171 410 512 135 336 699 129 332 403 2 577 1.7
Wan Hai Lines 85 195 481 92 217 847 98 255 124 2 603 1.3
X-Press Feeders 81 127 021 75 116 709 82 131 686 1 606 0.7
Republic of Korea Marine
Transport Company 65 103 130 65 109 012 66 112 659 1 707 0.6
Islamic Republic of
Iran Shipping Lines 28 93 372 27 92 674 27 92 674 3 432 0.5
Shandong International Transportation
Corporation 65 76 254 76 98 573 73 90 909 1 245 0.5
Arkas Container
Transport 40 58 498 45 67 237 45 68 388 1 520 0.3
T S Lines 38 70 245 44 91 308 33 61 512 1 864 0.3
Simatech Shipping 15 36 269 20 55 984 20 58 802 2 940 0.3
Regional Container
Lines 30 52 096 30 54 771 30 56 790 1 893 0.3
Sinokor Merchant
Marine 29 41 656 36 45 121 40 56 636 1 416 0.3
Nile Dutch 30 95 296 16 48 867 15 49 866 3 324 0.3
Transworld Group of
Companies 23 34 730 24 40 256 28 46 379 1 656 0.2
Heung-A Shipping 33 41 263 35 49 199 34 39 777 1 17 0.2
Matson 24 52 223 20 40 952 19 39 484 2 07 0.2
Unifeeder 56 57 856 40 43 395 37 39 259 1 06 0.2
China Merchants
Group 27 39 471 29 37 238 29 38 508 1 328 0.2
STRUCTURE, OWNERSHIP AND REGISTRATION OF THE WORLD FLEET
Leading 50 liner shipping companies by number of ships and total shipboard capacity deployed in twenty-foot equivalent units (continued) D. CONTAINER SHIP DEPLOYMENT AND LINER SHIPPING CONNECTIVITY 1.
Country-level connectivity The trend towards consolidation in the industry is also reflected in the data on fleet deployment.
Container ship sizes per country – both average and maximum – are rising, while the number of companies providing services to and from the average country’s seaports is falling.
The number of carriers competing for the average country’s cargo has declined by 34 per cent in 12 years, from 21.1 carriers in 2004 to 14.6 carriers in 2016.
While 14.6 companies per country would usually suffice to guarantee a competitive market, the average does not reveal the growing number of countries in which there are only a few providers offering container services, leading to potentially oligopolistic markets.
In 2004, there Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations, based on data from Clarksons Research.
Note: Includes all container ships known to be operated by liner shipping companies ranked by total TEUs. Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations, based on data from Clarksons Research.
One Belt, One Road Initiative: Projected infrastructure investments by China
Bangladesh Studies for Bangladesh–China–India–Myanmar corridor; deepwater port, Payra
Belarus Mining and processing infrastructure, Starobinskoye ($1.4 billion); Sino-Belarus Industrial Park, Minsk ($5 billion)
Fiji Hydroelectric plant ($158 million)
Georgia International economic zone, Tbilisi ($150 million); deepwater port, Anaklia ($5 billion)
India High-speed rail cooperation; industrial parks, Gujarat and Maharashtra
Indonesia Jakarta–Bandung high-speed railway; coal mining and transport infrastructure, Papua and Kalimantan ($6 billion); road and port infrastructure, Kalimantan ($1.1 billion); ferronickel plant, Sulawesi ($5.1 billion)
Kazakhstan China–Kazakhstan oil pipeline; development of special economic zone Khorgos-East Gate at Kazakhstan–China border
Kyrgyzstan China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan highway; China–Uzbekistan railway ($2 billion); power grid upgrades, southern Kyrgyzstan; power plant refurbishment, Bishkek; transport and logistics cooperation
Lithuania Encouraging investment in joint railway and port projects; China Merchants Group letter of intent with port of Klaipeda
Malaysia Malaysia–China Kuantan Industrial Park, including deepwater container port, steel and aluminium plants and palm oil refinery ($3.4 billion)
Myanmar Bangladesh–China–India–Myanmar transport network, including roads, railways, waterways and airports; Kyaukphyu– Kunming oil and gas pipelines; Myanmar–Yunnan optical cable
Pakistan China–Pakistan economic corridor, roads and railway ($46 billion); Lahore–Karachi highway; port upgrades, including airport, power plant and roads, Gwadar; coal mine and power plant, Gadani; 720,000 kW Karot Hydropower Plant; soft loans for two nuclear power plants near Karachi ($6.5 billion)
Sri Lanka Deepwater port in Hambantota ($600 million); China Merchants Holdings International investment in Port of Colombo ($500 million)
Russian Federation Kazan–Moscow high-speed railway; Siberian gas pipelines to supply China
Thailand Kra Isthmus Canal ($28 billion); Kunming–Bangkok highway; railway between Nong Kahi, Bangkok and proposed China–Lao People’s Democratic Republic railway
Tajikistan Central Asia–China gas pipeline; 500kV power substation reconstruction, Tursunzoda; Dushanbe–Chanak highway upgrades ($280 million)
Turkmenistan Islamic Republic of Iran–Kazakhstan–Turkmenistan road and rail network
Uzbekistan Uzbekistan–China gas pipeline Viet Nam Port upgrades, Haiphong; Lang Son–Hanoi highway
Africa Agreement with African Union to help build railways, roads and airports; coastal road, Nigeria ($13 billion); Nairobi–Mombasa railway, Kenya ($3.8 billion); Addis Ababa–Djibouti railway ($4 billion)
Central and South America Pledged investment to region ($250 billion); proposed transcontinental railway between coasts of Brazil and Peru ($10 billion); natural gas development, pipelines, power generation facilities, highways, ports and telecommunications
Europe Upgrade of Port of Piraeus, Greece ($260 million); Hungary–Serbia high-speed railway ($3 billion); China–Spain cargo railway (12,875 km)
One Belt, One Road Initiative: Projected infrastructure investments by China infrastructure development in Asia over the next five years (Japan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2015). The initiative is expected to meet infrastructure demand
and achieve quality and quantity in infrastructure by mobilizing further financial resources and know-how
from the private sector. Examples of related projects include the Delhi Metro, India; Ulaanbaatar railway flyover,
Mongolia; and Viet Nam–Japan Friendship Bridge.
Trade policy and liberalization developments Government policies and interventions contribute to
shaping international trade patterns, including seaborne
Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations, based on Australia Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2015; and Hong Kong [China]Trade Development Council, 2016.
China solid waste ban list in full with commodity codes
Products covered (HS or CCCN where applicable, otherwise national tariff heading. ICS numbers may be provided in addition, where applicable):
HS: Plastic waste from living sources: 3915100000; 3915200000; 3915300000; 3915901000; 3915909000; Vanadium slag: 2619000021; 2619000029; 2620999011; 2620999019; Unsorted waste paper: 4707900090; Waste textile materials: 5103109090; 5103209090; 5103300090; 5104009090; 5202100000; 5202910000; 5202990000; 5505100000; 5505200000; 6310100010; 6310900010.
Slag, dross (other than granulated slag), scalings and other waste from the manufacture of iron or steel. (HS 2619)
Ash and residues (other than from the manufacture of iron or steel), containing arsenic, metals or their compounds. (HS 2620)
Waste, parings and scrap, of plastics. (HS 3915)
Waste of wool or of fine or coarse animal hair, including yarn waste but excluding garnetted stock. (HS 5103)
Garnetted stock of wool or of fine or coarse animal hair. (HS 5104)
Cotton waste (including yarn waste and garnetted stock). (HS 5202)
Waste (including noils, yarn waste and garnetted stock) of man-made fibres. (HS 5505)
Used or new rags, scrap twine, cordage, rope and cables and worn out articles of twine, cordage, rope or cables, of textile materials. (HS 6310)
Other, including unsorted waste and scrap (HS 470790).
